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CLOTH NAPPING MACHINE.

B10437315. Patented Oot.7,1890.

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No. 437,715. Patented Oct. 7, 1890.

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C. F. X. OTT. CLOTH' NAPPING MACHINE. No. 437,715. Patented Oct. 7, 1890.

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No. 437,715. Patented Oct. 7, 1890.

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C. P. X. OTT.

CLOTH NAPPING MACHINE.

Patented 0ot..'7, 1890.

, f INVENTOR UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES FRANCIS XAVER OTT, OF CORNVALL, CANADA.

CLOTH-NAPPING MACHINE.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 437,715, dated October '7, 1890.

Application filed March 26,1890. Serial No. 345,442. (No model.)

To all whom it 79mg/ concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES FRANCIS Xn- VER OTT, residing at Cornwall, Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cloth-Napping Machines, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the acco1npanying drawings.

My invention has reference to improvements in machines for imparting a nap or roughened surface to cotton or woolen fabrics, and more particularly to that class of napping-machines where a series of nappingrollers are arranged in cylindrical form between two revolving drum-heads, and relates, first, to a new means for occasioning the revolution of the napping-rollers; second, to a means for imparting at the same timeaslight lateral movement to these rollers; third, to a means for feeding the cloth so as to nap both sides of it in the course of one passage of the same through the machine.

In the drawings, Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section through the center of a machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is an end view of the same-righthand end, as shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical crosssection through the plane indicated by the line w w of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is an end view similar to Fig. 2, showing the arrangement which enables both sides of the cloth to be napped. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the path to be followed by the cloth in Fig. e.

A A, the main frame of the machine, carries three shafts B C D, passing from one end of the machine to the other. The main shaft B is provided with the fast and loose pulleys b and carries two circular drums F F, which in turn carry at their peripheries the napping-rollers M. This shaft carries also two sprocket-Wheels b and b2, from the former of which the shaft D is driven and from the latter the shaft C. The shaft D carries the sprocket-wheel CZ, which is connected with Wheel t by a sprocket-chain bw and derives its motion from it. The relative size of the wheels CZ and b is such that the shaft D revolves much more slowly than the shaft B.

The shaft C carries the sprocket-wheel c, which is connected with the wheel o2 by a sprocket-chain c16 and derives its motion from it. This shaft carries a rapidly-revolving cylindrical brush Q, which cleans the napping-rollers as they pass over it.

The napping-rollers M are of the kind used in machines of this character, and carry the cards or teasels which tear up the surface of the cloth as they pass rapidly over it. Thirteen of them are shown in the drawings,but of course their nu mbermay vary. These rollers are carried upon bearing-plates L, which are mounted at intervals upon the revolving drums F. The bearing-plates are adjusted by means of the bolts l, which pass through the plate and through a slot in the revolving drum parallel to its circumference, and long enough to allow two or three inches lateral play. Vhen the bolts are set, the bearingplates are held tightly in position by lugs upon their surfaces, which fit into circular grooves in the sides of the drum to which they are bolted. The shaftsof the rollers M extend through the bearings in the plates L, and carry at one or both ends the sprocketwheels m, by which they are driven. They obtain their motion as follows: The shaft D carries the series of sprocketwheels d d2 (Z3, each of a different diameter. Upon the shaft B,but independent of its motion, revolves the collar G, which carries the sprocket-wheel g. This latter may be connected by a chain g1G with either of the wheels d', cl2, or cl3, and its speed of revolution accordingly varied. To facilitate this the collar G is capable of a slight lateral motion, and may be fastened by the set-screw g2, so as to be directly over either il', d2, or (Z3. The set-screw g2 fastens the collar G to the sprocket-wheel g. This wheel is connected by a chain t with all of the wheels m, passing alternately under and over them,its course being clearly seen in Fig. 3. The rollers M are thus driven alternately in opposite directions as far as their own proper motion is concerned, and the speed of this motion is rendered greater or less, according as the wheel g is geared to d', d2, or cl3. In addition to their motions of revolution the rollers M have a slight lateral motion. This is accomplished as follows: The shaft of each of the rollers M projects in each direction a short distance through its bearing, and has upon its end a cap m', which carries a roller m2. The sprocket-wheel d'L upon the shaft D drives IOO by chain di@ the wheel 7i, which is fast to the drum H, which revolves upon but independent of the collar G. The side of this drum toward the rollers M has near its rim a circular inclined plane h2, upon which the roller m2 runs, and according as its thick or thin portion is presented is t-his roller, and with it the nappingeroller M, pressed backward or forward. Its too rigid action is prevented by a spring m, interposed between the cap m and the end of the shaft which it covers. In order to complete this motion the drum H has necessarily its duplicate at the other end of the machine, driven at precisely the same speed, the thick portions of the inclined plane of one drum being opposite the thin portions of the other, and vice versa. This lateral movement does not affect the sprocket-wheels m, which are keyed upon the shaft of the roller M lso as to allow it to slide through them. Their position is maintained constant by the projecting flange h upon the drum H. Thus far only the par-ts of the machine which operate the napping-rollers have been described. It remains to mention those which effect the movement of the cloth to be napped.

The main frame of the machine A A supports two large stationary drums E E. These drums are outside of but concentric with the two pairs of revolving drums F F H H, which have been described, and are of somewhat greater diameter. At intervals around their edges are bolted adjustable bearing-plates K. They are adjusted by means of bolts K, which pass through the plates and through slots K5 in the drums E E, parallel to their circumference and long enough to allow several inches of lateral play. When the bolt is set, the bearing-plate is held in place by lugs upon its surface which fit into a circular groove in the side of the drum to which it is bolted. The number of the plates K is immaterial, five or siX generally being all that are required. They are similarly placed on both sides, and between the corresponding ones on each side are supported the cloth-rollers N. The bearing-plates have each more than one bearinghole drilled through them, so that the rollers may be placed farther from or nearer to the shaft B, as may be desired. The position of the bearing-holes is seen in Fig. 2. Y

The cloth-rollers have sprocket-wheels n upon them, which are driven by the chains d from the wheels d5 upon the shaft D, as is shown in Fig. 3. The cloth-rollers are so adj usted that the cloth in passing from one to another comes within reach of the action of the napping-rollers as the drums F revolve. The cloth runs off from the roller P, and after passing a pair of tension-rollers S S goes to the cloth-rollers N. After passing these it is wound up on the take-up roller R, which rests in slotted bearings upon the rollers R R2, which are driven by sprocket-wheels r r2, actuated by a chain r2 from the wheel d6 upon the shaft D.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

The drums F revolve with the shaft B, carrying with them the napping-rollers M. The independent motion of the napping-rollers depends upon the rapidity of-the revolution of the collar G. It is evident that if this revolves at the same speed at which the shaftB revolves there will be no independent motion of the rollers at all. On the other hand, if the collar G revolves more slowly or more rapidly than the shaft B the rollers M will be rotated in one direction or the other, and the rapidity of this rotation will depend upon the difference which exists between the speed of the rotation of the collar G and that of the shaft B. Furthermore, if G revolves more rapidly than B those rollers under which the chain t passes will have an independent motion in the same direction as that of the drums F, and those over which the chaint passes will have an independent motion in the reverse direction. On the other hand, if G revolves more slowly than B the above motions will be reversed. By varying the speed of the collar G according as the wheel g is geared to the wheel d', d2, or cl3, the rapidity of the revolution of the napping-rollers can be varied at will. As the drums F F revolve, they bring to bear upon the surface of the cloth to be napped, first anapping-roller revolving in one direction and then one revolving in the opposite direction. The napping process is much more rapidly accomplished under these conditions than where all the rollers are driven in the saine direction, for a given fiber upon the surface of the cloth is pulled first in one direction and then in another, and therefore much more quickly disengaged from the body of the fabric. At the same time the rollers have, as has been before explained, a lateral motion, the rapidity of which depends upon the relative difference between the speeds of the shaft B and the drum H. This may be varied by Varying the size of the wheel d4. This lateral motion further increases the separating power of the napping-rollers. The napping power of the machine is so greatly increased by these varying motions that in the case of many fabrics it is not necessary to run the cloth clear around the cylinder before one surface is properly napped, as in Fig. 3, but the path of the cloth may be arranged, as in Fig. 4, so that both surfaces are napped in the course of one passage through the machine. Large rollers U are here placed in some of the bearingplates as well as the smaller clothrollers N, which have been described.

The path of the cloth in Fig. 4t is as follows: Leaving the roller P it passes under N', over N2, under N3, by which time one surface has been napped. It then comes back on itself, passing over U and under V2 and V3, where its unnapped surface again meets the napping-rollers.- It then passes over N9, around U4, over N8 and N7, around U3, under N6 and N4, by which time its other surface is napped. It then passes around U2, under N5, and around V to R, where it is taken up. Part of this TOO IIO

course may be more clearly traced in Fig. 5. It will be seen that one side of the fabric is napped during that part of the course of the cloth when it moves in the same direction with the revolving drums F, While the other side is napped while it is moving against the motion of the drums. The latter side will therefore receive more napping. This is desirable, for it is customary to have the right side of the fabric more thoroughly napped than the other.

It will be noticed that in Fig. 5 the sprocketchain tis shown as passing around the outside of all the rollers m instead of passing alternat-ely over and under them. This of course causes all the rollers to revolve in the same direction, and is an arrangement which may be used in place of the alternative arrangement shown in Fig. 3 without otherwise altering the operation of the machine.

Thus far the gearing by which the collar G is put in motion, and through it the napping rollers, has been spoken of as situated at one end of the machine only. To insure perfect uniformity of motion this gearing and the col# lar should be duplicated, as in Fig. l. Each of these acts only upon every other roller, and as one is going faster and the other slower than the drums revolve the rollers are driven alternately in different directions.

Having thus described my invention, I claim l. In a nappingmachine, the combination of the main shaft B, the drums F on said shaft, napping-rollers M, carried between the drums at intervals around their periphery, the Wheels m at the extremities of the napping-rollers, the collar G, around the main shaft but independent of its motion, means for driving said collar at any rate of speed, the chain t, driven by said collar and passing alternately over and under the wheels m and driving them alternately in opposite directions, substantially as set forth.

2. In a napping-machine, the combination of the main shaft B, the drums F on said shaft, napping-rollers M, carried between said drums at intervals around their periphery and having their shafts extending through their bear ings, means .for producing axial rotation of the rollers, other drums H, outside the drums F, revolving upon the same center but independent of the shaft B, and the inclined planes h?, running around the inner side of the peripheries of said drums H and acting upon the extended ends of the shafts of the napping-rollers M, so as to cause the lateral play of the same, substantially as set forth.

3. In a nappingmachine, the combination of the main shaft B, the drums F on said Shaft, napping-rollers M, carried between said drums at intervals around their peripheries, means for imparting axial rotation to these rollers, the stationary drums F., larger than and outside the drums F, the cloth-rollers N, arranged at intervals between the peripheries of the drums E, the rollers U V2 V3, placed outside the rollers N, by which the fabric to be napped, after passing around part of the circle upon which the napping-rollers act with one surface presented to their action, may be carried around to the other side of said circle and the other side of the fabric presented to the action of the remaining portion of the circle, substantially as set forth.

4. In a napping-machine, the combination of the main shaft B, the drums F on said shaft, napping-rollers M, carried between bearingplates arranged at intervals around the peripheries of the drums, bolts l, playing in circumferential slots, whereby said bearingplates may be laterally adjusted, and means for producing axial rotation of the rollers M, substantially as set forth.

5. In a napping-machine, the combination of the main shaft B, the drumsF on said shaft, napping-rollers M, carried between said dru ms at intervals around their periphery, the stationary drums E, larger than and outside the drums F, cloth-rollers N, carried between bearing-plates K, arranged at intervals around the peripheries of the drums E, and bolts playing in circumferential slots in the drums E, whereby the bearing-plates K may be laterally adj usted, substantially as described.

CHARLES FRANCIS XAVER OTT.

Witnesses:

Guo. T. COPELAND,

Law Student, J oHN BERGIN,

Barrister, Both ofthe town of Cornwall, county of Stormont, Province of Ontario, Canada. 

